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Hatzegopteryx was one of the largest pterosaurs ever discovered, living around 70 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period. With an estimated wingspan of 10 to 12 meters (33–40 feet), it was a dominant aerial predator—but what truly sets it apart is its thick, powerful skull and massive jaw. Unlike most large pterosaurs with long, lightweight skulls, Hatzegopteryx had a short, wide, and heavily built skull, suggesting it could deliver strong bites and tackle large prey on land. It...
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Elasmosaurus was a massive marine reptile that lived during the Late Cretaceous period, about 80 to 65 million years ago in North America. It measured around 40 feet in length, with an impressively long neck making up nearly half its total length—an adaptation that likely helped it sneak up on fish. Its streamlined body and paddle-like limbs made it a swift and agile swimmer, well-suited for life in ancient oceans. Fossils of Elasmosaurus continue to provide key insights into the diversity of...
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Shonisaurus was a massive ichthyosaur that swam the oceans during the Late Triassic period, about 215 million years ago. It could reach lengths of up to 50 feet (15 meters), making it one of the largest marine reptiles of its time. Unlike some other ichthyosaurs, Shonisaurus had a long, slender body with small teeth, suggesting it likely fed on soft prey like squid and fish rather than larger animals. Its paddle-like limbs and streamlined body made it an efficient swimmer, well-adapted to li...
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Acrocanthosaurus vs Sauropelta! 🦖 Acrocanthosaurus and Sauropelta lived during the Early Cretaceous period, but they were built for very different battles. Acrocanthosaurus was a massive theropod, reaching up to 11.5 meters in length, known for its powerful jaws and distinctive high-spined back. As a top predator, it likely hunted large herbivores. Sauropelta, on the other hand, was a heavily armored nodosaur, covered in thick bony plates and large shoulder spikes for defense. While Acrocant...
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Most people know *Carnotaurus* for its horns and speed, but one lesser-known fact is that it had incredibly short, almost useless arms—much shorter than even *T. rex*. Unlike other theropods, *Carnotaurus* had unusually flexible skin with a network of bony bumps, possibly helping with thermoregulation or protection. Fossil evidence also suggests it had exceptionally powerful leg muscles, making it one of the fastest large theropods, capable of sudden bursts of speed to ambush prey. Follow to...
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Dakosaurus
Dakosaurus was an apex predator of the Late Jurassic seas, belonging to a group called thalattosuchians. It had a streamlined body and powerful jaws equipped with large, sharp teeth, ideal for hunting fish and other marine prey. Fossils of Dakosaurus have been found in Europe, revealing its existence around 155 to 145 million years ago. These predators likely hunted in shallow coastal waters, using ambush tactics to catch their prey. Dakosaurus, like many marine reptiles of its time, became extinct by the end of the Jurassic period, leaving behind a legacy as one of the formidable predators of ancient oceans. Video by Julian Johnson Sounds by Gabriel James
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